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(Solved): Physical systems may be described by systems of differential equations with more than one dependent ...



Physical systems may be described by systems of differential equations with more than one dependent variable appearing in multiple ODEs. When a chemical substance X is broken down into a product P by means of an enzyme E, the process may be described by the Michaelis-Menten reaction X + E  ⇌  Y  ⇌  P + E where Y is a combined substance of X and E, and the enzyme is released at the end of the process to be used again. The differential equations governing the quantities X(t) and Y(t) are given by X ′  =  − k1 (E0 − Y ) X  +  k−1YY ′  =  k1 (E0 − Y ) X  −  (k−1 + k2)Y where E0 is the initial concentration of enzyme E. Then (E0 − Y ) represents the amount of enzyme that is not tied up in Y, and so is available for reacting with X. Starting with initial concentrations of X(0) = 0.8 and Y(0)  =  0, use Euler's method with a step size of 0.1 to determine the amount of substance X(t) still remaining at times t  =  5 and  t  =  10. Use the parameters E0  =  0.5k1  =  0.6k−1  =  0.3k2  =  0.5



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